National Missile Defense Essay -- Weapons War Cold War American Histor

National Missile falsification Historical spatial relation On March 23, 1983, through a nationally televised address to the nation, therefore prexy Ronald Reagan envisioned a Star Wars defense schema to deputize the existing element of mutual deterrence between the two frore War superpowers. The system calls for a high-tech impenetrable ballistic projectile shield for the fall in States. The speech marks the birth of the Strategic refutation Initiative1 (SDI). It came about when the Soviets then had numerical advantage over the United States in ballistic missiles that are increasingly accurate and powerful. In fact, the Soviets has the ability to submerse the United States missiles on the ground should a conflict ever occur. ordnance store race is a vicious cycle in itself and will not contribute to the cause of world peace. Therefore, to render this advantage impotent and obsolete, President Reagan directs the nations talented and government agencies to begin exploring an d researching programs that will master the ultimate goal of eliminating threats callable to weapons of mass destruction now and for the long time to come.In less than a decade after setting the vision, the United States was grossly reminded of the necessity of employing a capable missile defense system during the Gulf War. On February 25, 1991, in a missile attack on Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, an Iraqi-launched Scud missiles warhead hit a warehouse that served as a United States barrack, killing 28 soldiers and injuring lashings of others in the process. Apparently, one Patriot battery was not operational plot the other was not able to track the incoming missile due to a software problem. Immediate Perspective The number of nations possessing ballistic missiles has increase ov... ...ense What Does It All Mean? Missile disproof Issue Brief. Center of Defense Information. 17 whitethorn 2002. <http//www.cdi.org/Hotspots/nmdissuebrief/nmd32.pdf 10. Antonia Handler Cha yes and Paul Doty. Defending Deterrence. Virgina Pergamon- Brasseys International Defense Publishers, Inc., 1989.11. Commentary The Moral Necessity of Missile Defense. Reason, Individualism, Achievement and, Freedom. Mar. 2001. The Objectivist Center. 17 May 2002. <http//www.objectivistcenter.org/articles/jrobbins_moral-necessity-missile- defense.asp 12. Lieutenant Ron G. Jacobson Morality of Nuclear Deterrence and Missile Defense. Military ism and Ethnics. Feb. 1999 National Security Affairs. 18 May 2002. <http//nsa.nps.navy.mil/Publications/Micewski/Jacobson.html

Chipotle

Sec. 002 Team 1 GB 214 Operations Analysis Chipotle Mexican Grill Assignment 3 Supply Chain 1. Major Components/Inputs of the Product & providers Chipotle uses several suppliers when enjoin and receiving their solid food harvestings. Chipotles main objective is to provide food with innate and natur everyy liberal backgrounds. Because of these values, Chipotle disdains itself in using suppliers that follow their guide landmarks of food with law structure, by meeting the requirements and addresss for food safety, animal welfargon, sustainability, and social accountability. Chipotles guest service manager, Shannon Kyllo, stated in her email that the connection continuously alterations its suppliers to author the exceed ingredients and besides provided a list of their vegetable and dairy crop suppliers. Calavo growers, Index Fresh and Mission Avacados hang on Avacados to Chipotle, and their Romaine lettuce and cilantro suppliers are Taylor farms and Church Br separat es. Daisy and Smith Dairy return Chipotle with Sour Cream and the company gets its supplement of cheese from Meister Cheese, Petaluma Cheese and Glanbia. Coca-Cola is Chipotles supplier for beverages and has had this contract since McDonalds were Chipotles main investors. 3 Also, the Mcilhenny Company supplies Tobasco as a condiment for Chipotle. 4 The persistence leaders in Fast-food restaurant kitchen appliances are Southbend, Globe, Frymaster, Blodgett, Food Service storage warehouse and Insigner. These companies are the top players who put up kitchen appliances to the major fast(a)-food Chains, wish well Chipotle. 5 2. eccentric person of Supply Chain and ServicesChipotles supply compass is funny from other fast casual restaurants and service firms, and does non digest a stigmatise traditional supply chain. Of the four main supply chains, Chipotles supply chain resembles the Assemble-To-Order (ATO) supply chain the closest. This is because the guest has complete fr eedom of what ingredients go into their burrito/bowl/salad/etc. , exclusively only with the ingredients that are behind the counter. So in that case, there is not complete freedom in design a meal, but the customer can choose and amount of ingredients to be included in their food item.However, this is not set in stone, for their supply chain also contains elements of other supply chain methods, such as the Build-To-Order (BTO) supply chain, for the customer has some opportunity in the customization of their product (meal), but are limited to the design parameters (set ingredients) set by the firm. The delivers of Chipotles supply are fairly simple. It starts with the acquisition of the raw materials (ingredients) that are shipped to one of their 22 independently delivered distribution centers. 6 These ingredients come from within a 350 mile radius of the distribution center.The ingredients are then shipped out to the restaurants, where all of the ingredients are prepared in-hous e with the exception of the barbacoa and the beans. Once the ingredients arrive at the restaurant, they are prepared and placed out ready to be made into burritos/lawn bowling/salads/etc. When a customer comes to a Chipotle, they simply wait in line, then once at the counter, go down the assembly line of ingredients and chose which specific ones they want to include in their meal. When they are finished constructing their item, they comport the cashier and either take their meal to-go or have a seat in the dining area in the restaurant. 3. Supply draw (See Attachment 1) 4. Supple Chain/ Operations Strategy Chipotle believes that their unrelenting drift to revolutionize fast food through their unique way of proceeds and people cultures will dish up them to move forward in build a valuable company for their stakeholders. 6 Chipotle focuses on its product differentiation, market segmentation, operational excellence, and customer intimacy. 6 The product assembler to customer stag e in chipotles supply chain directly aligns with its focus on operational excellence and customer intimacy in its operations strategy. Chipotle explains their goal of operational excellence with its statement, The natural flow of our restaurant layout, including the floor curriculum and the design of our serving line, are designed to make the food gild process intuitive and, we believe, more efficient. The customers deal somewhat directly with the manufacturers of chipotles product in their stores with the assembly line. 6 Customers have limited extract in overall product but some choice in the specification (ingredients that go in their order) of the product. The assembly line allows customers to get their food fast and assemble then limitedly build their order. 6 All of this allows for a high degree of customer intimacy during the service. 6 The raw materials to allocator to product assembler stages reflect with chipotles focus on product differentiation and market segmentatio n. 6 Chipotles strategy is influenced by the fast and high smell food market. 6 Chipotle states, Serving high quality food while still charging reasonable prices is critical to our vision to change the way people think about and eat fast food. 6 Chipotle serves food with equity and part of the way they make this possible is with their supply chain. 6 The raw materials stage is the suppliers/outsourcers that provide the high quality ingredients that go into Chipotles product. 6 These go to distribution centers (distributor), which are all relatively close to the product assemblers (stores). 6 The food is then prepared by the product assemblers. 6 This allows Chipotle to have high quality, fresh food and makes them delineate in product differentiation. 6 5. Outsourced ActivitiesChipotle mentions that it currently sources most of its key ingredients like chicken, pork and beef from a limited number of suppliers. 6 still at the same time chipotle ventured into local outsourcing in 2008 when they launched a archetype program to outsource all its organic pork products for its Charlottesville, Va. , stead from a local supplier, Polyface farms. 8 They felt that using local organizations to outsource would help them have fresh ingredients and ensure that the respective source follows their food with integrity motto. After the initial success of Chipotle, the executives realized that they had to improve one of their products &8212 the shredded pork which they used in almost all their food items. 9 This is when Chipotle found an advertisement for the farmers of Niman Ranch, a pork supplying company. 9Steve Ellis took involvement in this supplier after he sampled some of its organically grown products. 9 Chipotles spokesman, Chris Arnold, stated after Ellis tried the pork What so impressed Ellis, in summation to the quality of Niman Ranch pork, was the way in which the Calif. based company raised its animals, from feeding practices to the land on which the hogs roamed. 9 The Niman Ranch experience completely changed the way Chipotle selected from their food suppliers, them having contracts with ranches in the middle west for pork and livestock helped them cover a larger geographic country and facilitate the demand for Chipotle Mexican Grill. 9 Along with Niman Ranch, Canadian suppliers and duBreton Farms also supply pork to Chipotle. Most of the chicken on the notice is supplied by Bell & Evans of Fredericksburg, Pa. , which also supplies to natural and organic retailers like exclusively Foods.Chipotle gets its beef primarily from Loveland, Colo. -based Meyer Natural Angus and Golden, Colo. -based Coleman Natural Meats, in addition to smaller processors. 9 6. Other Activities That Could Be Outsourced Chipotle produces several of their food products in house. After obtaining the necessary raw materials from outsourcing activities and suppliers, Chipotle then creates their signature salsa, guacamole, crispy tacos, and tortilla chips. 10 These items are produced at least twice a day (Harris). Chipotle chooses not to use a supplier or outsourcing partner to make from each one of these products for specific and different reasons.For example, Chipotles salsa is made internally to ensure a unique customization process (Harris). 11 Because Chipotle offers 4 different flavors and spiciness of salsa, Chipotle restaurants create their own salsa to offer customers a variety of choices that cannot be accurately duplicated by outside outlets (Harris). 11 Guacamole is also prepared in house to provide Chipotles customers with the best flavor possible. Chips and crispy tacos are internally created for the same reasons. 12 Chipotle takes pride in freshly preparing these signature items as well.As noted by customer service agent, Shannon Kyllo, Chipotle creates these in house items because of CEO Elliss background within the culinary field and Chipotles strive to produce fresh food the way they analyze fit, stating, Were per fectionists. . . he Ellis is first and foremost a chef and he wants to maintain a high standard. . . They Chipotle have a saying that if you want to do something right, you have do it yourself so that is what we do (Kyllo). 13 Because of Chipotles internal processes, the restaurant chain believes it is producing the best and most unique experience at every location (Kyllo). 3 See Attachment 1 Work Cited 1. http//www. chipotle. com/en-US/talk_to_us/supplier/supplier. aspx 2. Shannon Kyllo. Supplier list. Email to Shrivats Agarwal. 22 Feb. 2012. 3. http//academic. mintel. com/display/294296/? highlight=truehit1 4. http//www. rehobothfoodie. com/index. php/Rehoboth-Beach-Reviews/Mexican/chipotle-mexican-grill. html 5. http//www. foodservicewarehouse. com/equipment/c3040. aspx 6. http//www. sec. gov/Archives/edgar/data/1058090/000119312511039010/d10k. htm 7. http//www. triplepundit. com/2011/06/chipotle-moves-local-sourcing/ 8. ttp//grist. org/sustainable-farming/protein-we-only-serve-w hite-meat-here-excerpt/ 9. Petrak, Lynn. Food With Integrity. National Provisioner 221. 9 (2007) 22-26. Business Source Premier. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. 10. http//angelagarbes. com/2011/03/01/food-with-integrity-short-on-humanity/ 11. Ronnette, Harris. Reply from Chipotle . Message to Cam Amoroso. 20 Feburary 2013. E-mail. 12. http//www. chipotle. com/en-US/menu/fresh_cooking/fresh_cooking. aspx 13. Shannon, Kyllo. Reply from Chipotle . Message to Cam Amoroso. 21 Feburary 2013. E-mail.

‘’Reunion’’ by John Cheever

A. An es understand analyzing the improvident falsehood This essay is divergence to be an analysis and interpretation of the briefly business relationship Reunion by John Cheever. It will begin with a summary of the curtly story. Afterwards the plot, the conflict and the scope will be analyzed. Then Ill move on to the suitization, the possible move endpoint and the theme and message. Finally I will draw parallels between the short story Reunion and the essay Living With Strangers by Siri Hustvedt. Reunion is a short story about a boy called Charlie and his put up fundamental interaction with his paternity.Charlie was travelling by train from his grandm otherwises to a bungalow his suffer had rented. He would be in New York for about an arcminute and thirty minutes while waiting for the new train and thus he indispensablenessed to meet his father. He hadnt seen his father for triad years and Charlie was exited to see the man he looked up to again. Because of the lack of sentence, they couldnt go and see the fathers club, so they had to find a restaurant in the argona. They went to four restaurants and they get more or slight thrown out of all four. The father in this short story was either really drunk or/and actually domineering.In all make he talked down to waiters or behaved bad in one counseling or the other. In spite of his bad behavior they managed to get a Beefeater Gibson at one place. It all ended with the father going up to a newsstand, again with a bad attitude, which was the final husk for Charlie who said Goodbye, daddy and walked towards the station. That was the last time Charlie axiom his father. This short story is one overlarge flashback. The whole story is a flashback that concedes chronologically. It starts with a rattling short introduction in which Charlie just says The last time I saw my father was in Grand Central Station., and from thereon he tells the story as a flashback.The conflict in this story is the so aring expectations from Charlie. Charlie admires his father truly much, but when he meets him, hes an arrogant and probably drunk jerk. Three years have gone, since they last saw each other and that is a long time. People can stir a lot during three years and this is probably what also happened to the father or else Charlie just remembered him differently. The end shows that the conflict was too much to stomach for Charlie as he says that was the last time I saw my father. .The movement why it was the last time they saw each other is probably because of the disappointment Charlie must have felt. Probably he doesnt want to see his former hero anymore, because he actually is a jerk. The setting compacts places in New York City or more precisely most the Grand Central Station. Furthermore it takes place in four restaurants and by a newsstand. It is most likely to take place in the last half of the 20th century. It was first published in 1962, but the view could still take place today. The fact that Charlies parents are dissociate also makes the story more modern, since that problem is very common nowadays.Back in that time where it was written it was unusual to be divorced, actually it was almost weird. straightaway let?s move on to the characterizations. Charlie is the main character and hes probably a young boy. He lives with his mother, as his parents are divorced. His age is non mentioned, but in the text there is a line that makes him sound young I knew that when I was grown I would be something like him. This makes the reader picture him as a minor as he says when I was grown. But o the other exit later on he drinks alcohol with his father, which makes him seem to be almost a grownup.To begin with, he looks very much up to his father, that changes and it all ends with him not deficient to be with his father and actually neer wanting to see him again. During the story he doesnt really say much. Of course hes the narrator, but it is the father who leads the conversations. The father owns a club and has a secretary. He smells of a rich compound of whiskey and after-shave lotion, raiment polish, woollens, and the rankness of a mature male. . The fact that he smells partly of whiskey suggests that he had been drinking. His behavior could also verify that, as he behaved like an unstable psyche.He could also just be very, very arrogant as he almost feels that he is more than for spokesperson the waiters. He talks down to people and is generally very unpleasant. neither his name or age is mentioned, but he might be in the mid-forties. The characters are immediately told about by the narrator for employment in this part of the text I smelled my father the way my mother sniffs a rose. It was a rich compound of whiskey and after-shave lotion, shoe polish, woollens, and the rankness of a mature male. He describes his father directly with a comment on his smell.It is called direct characterization The father is a flat characte r he remains the same throughout the story. He remains being a jerk, while Charlie is a round character as he develops throughout the story. At first he is hallucinating to see his father again, but he ends up not wanting to ever see him again. We are dealing with a first person narrator, who in this story is the protagonist. The ending could be seen as a surprise ending since Charlie starts being excited to see his father but ends up saying Goodbye and never wanting to see him again.On the other hand it isnt really surprising, as the father throughout the story seems very unpleasant and maybe even embarrassing to be around. It is a guinea pig of argument. The themes in this short story are love, father and son relationship, expectations, subvert of alcohol, disappointment (the grass isnt always greener on the other side) and the sullen word goodbye. The message here must be not to have too high expectations and that people change. Now its time to draw parallels between Reunion and Living With Strangers. These two stories both take place in New York and they both touch the subject the conflict with strangers.In Living With Strangers the narrator tells us about strange strangers, but in Reunion Charlies father actually is the strange stranger. He tag the people he talks down to, with his boisterousness. They will maybe deliberate back some time of the drunk/arrogant jerk, who thought he owned the world. Generally these two stories show the two sides of a story. Another parallel could be the not making a full-grown deal out of something. The waiters f. ex. dont make a big deal out of the boisterousness, they just send Charlies father outside. That is the affect IT ISNT HAPPENING-rule.

A Comparison and Contrast of Ideas of Beauty

It has often been said that beauty is in the shopping centre of the beholder. This may well be true, provided many mountain, particularly women, direct trouble seeing their aver beauty, especially when they do non appearance except like every iodin else.The trine short stories that were assigned, cup of tea When The Other terpsichorean Is The Self, by Alice go-cart, Mirrors, by Lucy Grealy, and The Story of My Body, by Judith Ortiz Cofer, all share the like premise. In each explanation, each unripened woman is faced with trials payable to the way they look. The way that they choose to deal with these trials, however, is different for each one.Beauty When The Other Dancer Is The Self is the story of Alice Walkers invigoration as a child. She thrived on creation considered cute and sassy. At one point in the story, she even mentions that she was fond of staring at people, just so they would notice her and how stunning she was. Unfortunately, all that c flowed when s he was accidently shot in the essence with a BB pellet.She lost sight in that eye, and the eye formed a large white cataract that people would stare at and comment on. Walker refused to look anyone in the eye for years. She became extremely uncomfortable with the idea that she was no longer beautiful in the traditional sense, and her social and scho demiseic abilities suffered for it. When she was older, she had the destiny to gestate the cataract removed, and no issue but a blue scar remained.This did wonders for her confidence, until she had a child of her own. She worried about what the child might think of her machination eye, but a television show featuring a blue public gave the child the idea that her mother had a world in her eye. To the child, this was a wonderful thing. Walker, gaining combineance from her child, was able to finally accept herself.Mirrors, by Lucy Grealy, is the story of the authors battle with cancer of the jaw and the disfiguration it vitrined. Gr ealy was young when she had to have part of her jaw removed, so along with the normal trials of ontogenesis up, she was forced to deal with the pain of chemotherapy and the stares and taunts of insensitive children and bigs.When the reconstruction of her face failed condemnation after time, she gave up expression into mirrors. In fact, she avoided any shiny surface. She stayed in the library most of the time, reading books about the Holocaust and other awe close to times in history to shew her pain seem less(prenominal) significant. When she finally had a chance to have work done on her face overseas, she jumped at the chance.She seemed to think that having a perfect face would sour all of her problems. Instead, the surgeries caused new problems. She had to have work done on the muscular side of her face to make a match, and she ended up looking nothing like what she thought she would. Not being able to settle down with her new face, she ignored mirrors for a whole year. Ho wever, at the end of her story, she encountered a man who made her feel good about herself. Finally, she had the acceptance she mandatory to peak at her reflection in a window.The Story of my Body, by Judith Ortiz Cofer, tells the tale of what is was like for the young Cofer to grow up Puerto Rican. In her own society she was considered light skinned and tall. When she moved to the United States, she was considered dark and short. This instant(a) change in the way people perceived her was very impregnable for the child to take.She got to the point where she no longer wanted to look at herself. She was an outcast at naturalise, so much so that her parents had to send her to consist with her grandparents in order to attend a different school. Unfortunately, things werent much better for her there. She was bone-thin at the age where most teenagers start to blossom.She was also considered unclean by white people, and was unable to date the boy she loved because his parents would n ot allow him to date a dark girl. However, Cofer excelled in school. It was the one thing that she could do right. When her good grades got her into college, she was in a different world where people found her exotic and beautiful. Being accepted came, oddly lavish, by being different.These three stories have much in common. For instance, all three women gave up looking at themselves for various amounts of time. Being told that they were ugly and dirty took a toll on each ones self esteem. all(prenominal) woman had a physical problem. Walker had a discolored, blind eye, Grealy had a terribly disfigured face, and Cofer, along with being the exact opposite of the standards for beauty, had crybaby pox scars all over her face.All of these reasons, although they vary in severity, were more than enough reason to make a young woman want to hang her head. No one ever said that the teenage and young adult years were easy, anyway. Perhaps the most important thing that they all had in commo n was the need for something to better their perceptions of themselves. For Walker, it was her child. Once she had acceptance from her little one, she was impoverished to face the world.For Grealy, it was having lunch with a man who did not seem stimulate or turned off by her deformities. His attitude towards her was enough to make her want to see what he saw in her. For Cofer, it was excelling in school and making it to college. There she found people who didnt care if she was different, and some that actually seemed to like her better because she was different. She could finally think of herself as bonny again.The stories also have some contrasting themes. The types of suffering experienced by the women were vastly different. Although one can emphasize with Cofer over being picked last in gym and looking different, her suffering was much less than Grealys loss of a portion of her face or Walkers loss of sight. The way that each woman overcame her difficulties is also different. Cofer used her smarts and her psychological ability to rise above those who tortured her. Walker was partially freed by having her cataract removed in order to look more normal.However, Grealy turned her bandaging on her femininity for a while and withdrew into books, not wanting to accept the fact that she lived in the real world. She was perked up by the man mentioned above, but she fell into a sad life of drug addiction and ultimate suicide. This is perhaps the largest contrast. While Walker and Cofer found their beauty, Grealy apparently never did.In conclusion, these three stories have a lot to teach us about our response to suffering. We should not hide ourselves away from the world because of our problems, but neither should we cause other people to want to hide away because of our stares and comments. Beauty is subjective. Magazines and movies would have us believe that only one kind of beauty is acceptable, but that is not the case.People who rise from adversity are of ten left with beautiful souls, and that is what we should look for in a person. All these women mentioned were beautiful because they persevered, and it is a shame that Grealy could not come to see herself in that light. If nothing else, these stories should show the proofreader that beauty really is in the eye of the beholder, and we should never do or say anything to steal another persons beauty from them.

Depreciation and Useful Life

Buildings, machinery, equipment, furniture, fixtures, computers, outdoor lighting, parking lots, cars, and trucks argon interpreters of pluss that will expire for more than one year, but will non last indefinitely. oer judgment of conviction, these pluss depreciate. Depreciation is defined as a non-cash expense that reduces the value of an plus as a result of physical or functional factors everyplace time. Therefore, the costs of the fixed pluss should be recorded as an expense everywhere their multipurpose lives, since they depreciate and must be replaced once the end of their employful life is reached.Physical dispraise factors include wear and tear during use or from being exposed to such things as weather. Functional depreciation factors include obsolescence or changes in customer needs that cause the asset to no longer provide services for which it was intended or needed. When it comes to deliberation depreciation, there are three factors that determine the depre ciation expense for a fixed asset the assets initial cost, judge profitable life, and estimated residual value. And there are in like manner three contrastive slipway to calculate depreciation the straight line mode, the wholes-of-production method, and the double-declining-balance method.The straight-line method of depreciation provides the very(prenominal) amount of depreciation expense for each year of the assets useful life, and is known to be the most commonly used method of calculating depreciation. The units-of-production method of depreciation provides the same amount of depreciation expense for each unit of production. Based on what the asset is, the units-of-production method can be expressed in terms of touchstone produced, miles, hours, etc. and is often used when the fixed assets in service time or use varies from year to year.The double-declining-balance method of depreciation provides for a declining biennial expense over the anticipate useful life of the a sset. The double-declining-balance method shows a higher depreciation in the first year of the assets use, followed by declining depreciation amounts in the years following, which is why this method is also referred to as an accelerated depreciation method. There are several different types of assets that depreciate over time. Depreciation refers to fixed assets, which exist physically, thus qualification them tangible assets.In some lawsuits, there are assets that do not depreciate. An example of an asset that does not depreciate would be land since it has an measureless useful life. If land has a limited useful life, as is the case with a quarry, then it is acceptable to depreciate it over its useful life. one and only(a) example of an asset that would depreciate would be a MacBook Pro laptop. This is an asset that I would use the straight-line method for being that while computers and technology are constantly changing devices such as MacBook Pros depend to consistently hold their value.Lets say you purchased the MacBook Pro for $2800 with an expected useful life of 5 years and an estimated residual value of $700, correspond to the straight-line method of depreciation, it would be calculated as Annual Depreciation = price Residual Value = $2800-$700 = $420. 00 Useful life 5 Another example of an asset that would depreciate over time would be a vehicle. This is an asset that I would use the units-of-production method for being that the usage and mileage whitethorn vary from year to year.Lets say you purchased the vehicle for $59,900 that is expected to have a useful life of 95,000 miles and an estimated residual value of $19,560, and during the year the vehicle was operated 21,000 miles. According to the units-of-production method of depreciation, it would be calculated as quantity 1 Depreciation per Unit = Cost Residual Value = $59,900 -$19,560 = $0. 42 per mile Total Units of Production 95,000 miles Step2 Depreciation Expense=Depreciation per unit X Total Units of Production Used Depreciation Expense = $0. 42 X 21,000 Miles = $8,820

Factors and Hazards of Infant Development Essay

Authors note This essay is a summary of my beliefs of the trey most hazards factors in the early stages of Infant Development. This essay is for Mrs. Hackers EC100/EEC1700 Section 07 Foundations of Child Development Course.Factors and Hazards of Infant DevelopmentThere is slide fastener more precious in life, than hearing your baby heartbeat or feeling it kick for the first time. Mothers and fathers to be should be awargon of dissimilar hazards that fucking play a major factor in the exploitation of their infant. The three factors that I feel atomic number 18 the most hazardous are alcohol, smoking, and drugs of any kind. In this essay, I will try to explain to you wherefore these factors are very important to be avoided before and during pregnancy.Alcohol custom during pregnancy can perplex serious consequences for mother and the developing fetus (O Leary et al., 2010). If a mother is consuming alcohol during pregnancy she can have a miscarriage, still blood line, low- cau se weight, or a premature infant (ACP CS-EBK for Developmental Profiles, pg. 58). A developing fetus consumes whatever the mother puts into her mouth and body. Alcohol is a teratogen that has irreversible effects on infant development.There are several(prenominal) birth defects that a mother who drinks should be aware of they are foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASDs) fetal alcohol syndrome, hyperactivity, heart defects, facial deformities, and nomenclature impairment (Ismail et al., 2010). A mother who drinks mild alcohol during pregnancy could vex their infant to suffer from fetal alcohol effect. Infants with this effect suffer from reading and behavior disorders. It is very important that a mother to be does not consume alcohol. If you care about your baby well-being do not drink during pregnancy.Smoking is a bad habit thats impenetrable to kick once started. Smoking is dangerous for pregnant women, kids, men, and women. Smoking can damage the lungs of the smoker, and also cause lung cancer to those who smoke for long periods of time. many pregnant women continue to smoke despite the warning on the U.S. surgeon General label. Maternal smoking has been linked to many fetal malformations and birth complications (Ashford et al., 2010). Cigarette smoke contains harmful substances, which can harm a somebody body. These harmful substances are nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide. All the substances can harm an budding fetus if consumed throughout pregnancy. Mothers who smoke during birth are at peril for having infants who suffer from asthma, allergies, and it can cause SIDS.Prescription and nonprescription medications, pesticides, fertilizer, and street drugs are very dangerous during pregnancy (Mattison, 2010). These drugs and chemicals can have many indecent effects on developing fetuses. It can cause SIDS, miscarriages, stillbirth, and numerous birth deformities to the vestigial fetus. Drugs of any kind should be avoided during pregnancy, to ensure a part chance of having a healthy fetus.There are many reasons a mother to be should be cautious about the environment and the things she consumes during pregnancy. The dress hat care a mother to be can give to her undeveloped fetus is to eat right, get adequate rest, and regular check-ups, which can purify ensure the birth of a beautiful, healthy baby.ReferencesAshford, K., Hahn, E., Hall, L., Rayens, M., Noland, M., & group A Ferguson, J. (2010).The Effects of prenatal secondhand smoke exposure on preterm birth and neonatal outcomes, ledger of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 39(5), 525535.Mattison, D. (2010). Environmental exposures and development, Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 22(2), 208218.OLeary, C., Nassar, N., Kurinczuk, J., de Klerk, N., Geelhoed, E., Elliott, E., & Bower, C (2010). Prenatal alcohol exposure and risk of birth defects, Pediatrics, 1 26(4), E843 E850.